Team

Principal Investigator

Graduate Students

Caroline Millwater
Caroline Millwater

Caroline Millwater

Caroline is a PhD student studying environmental engineering at Penn State. She received a BS in chemistry from the University of Florida. There she focused on applications of sustainable technologies by minoring in sustainability studies, holding leadership positions focused on implementing sustainable practices, and working for an activated carbon company developing technologies for water treatment. Upon graduation, she was promoted and continued to work developing activated carbon technologies for a flagship production facility. Upon developing a successful technology, she assumed a technical sales role where she learned about water treatment facilities, their operations, and how they cope with regulatory compliance. Building off this experience, she continues her education at Penn State where her work focused on the modification of biochar to improve properties and facilitate application in a variety of industries, particularly water treatment. Her goal is to develop scalable carbon-based technologies , making regulatory compliance more sustainable and affordable. Outside of research, Caroline enjoys rock climbing, yoga, Pilates, and spending time outdoors.

Domenic Contrino
Domenic Contrino

Domenic Contrino

Domenic is a PhD student in Environmental Engineering at Penn State. He received his BS from the University of Florida where he conducted undergraduate research and published work surrounding activated carbon surface chemistry and adsorption mechanisms. After graduating from the University of Florida, he worked for an activated carbon manufacturing company developing technologies for mercury adsorption in the air and liquid phase, phosphorous removal from wastewater, and in-situ remediation of toxic algal blooms in Florida. Having returned to Penn State for a graduate education, he was awarded the Diefenderfer Graduate Fellowship in Entrepreneurship, completed the NSF I-Corps regional program for two new-business ventures, and has earned his MS in Environmental Engineering. His work at Penn State surrounds the investigation of several renewable biomass sources for conversion to biochar or activated carbon, and comparisons to coal-based materials. Outside of research, Domenic is a Graduate Advisor for the First-Gen Advocates student organization on campus, and enjoys cycling, rock climbing, and watching ice hockey.    

Lina Zhu
Lina Zhu

Lina Zhu

Lina is a Ph.D. student in Environmental Engineering at Penn State University. She holds an M.S. degree in Municipal Engineering (Water Treatment) from Tongji University in Shanghai, China. Her master’s research focused on exploring the applications of nanobubbles in water treatment, including  the effect of ozone nanobubble on in-situ algal control and its impact on microbial community structure and function, as well as the effects of nanobubbles on the manganese oxidation of a manganese-oxidizing fungus Cladosporium sp. and the biogenic mechanism. During her Ph.D. studies, Lina will continue to investigate the potential of nanobubble technology in environmental engineering. In her free time, she enjoys photography, listening to music, and traveling.

Macy Hannan
Macy Hannan

Macy Hannan

Macy is an M.S. student in Civil and Environmental Engineering at Penn State. She holds a B.S. in Environmental Engineering from the University of Michigan (Ann Arbor). Macy's research interests lie mostly within PFAS fate and transport within different environmental media. She focuses on understanding how the environment is affected after contamination occurs. In her free time, she enjoys running, adventuring, swimming, and reading. 

Paulina Alulema-Pullupaxi
Paulina Alulema-Pullupaxi

Paulina Alulema-Pullupaxi

Paulina is a Ph.D. student in Environmental Engineering at Penn State University. She holds an M.S. in Civil and Environmental Engineering from the University of Maine and a B.S. in Environmental Engineering from Escuela Politécnica Nacional in Quito, Ecuador. Her research focuses on the fate and transport of pollutants across environmental media, from understanding the mechanisms and scenarios that lead to contamination to identifying safer materials and practices that prevent it. She is also interested in developing and optimizing remediation strategies that restore ecosystems and protect human health, while incorporating sustainability principles into her experimental design to enhance long-term environmental resilience. Outside of research, she enjoys biking, trail-running, painting, visiting museums and galleries, watching movies, and traveling.

Kenneth Mensah
Kenneth Mensah

Kenneth Mensah

Kenneth is a Ph.D. candidate at the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Penn State. He has an M.S. degree in Environmental Engineering from the Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology in Egypt and a B.S. degree in Minerals Engineering from the University of Mines and Technology in Ghana. Kenneth's research interests include advanced oxidation processes, adsorption, and biological treatment of water and wastewater. He is researching metastable oxygen nanobubbles for space exploration and other environmental applications, with the Apul Research Group. Kenneth spends his leisure time playing soccer, exercising at the gym, traveling, swimming, and hanging out with friends.

Dilara Hatinoglu
Dilara Hatinoglu

Dilara Hatinoglu

Dilara is a PhD candidate in Environmental Engineering at Penn State and an AWWA Dr. Abel Wolman Fellow. She earned her MS in Environmental Engineering from METU in Türkiye, and during her PhD, completed research fellowships at Yale University on the synthesis of nanomaterials towards environmental hyperthermia-based applications. Her doctoral dissertation research explores the thermal regeneration of spent granular activated carbons to help break the forever PFAS cycle in the environment. Outside the lab, she loves exploring the outdoors through camping and hiking, discovering new music, and traveling.

Interested in joining Apul Research Group?
Interested in joining Apul Research Group?

Interested in joining Apul Research Group?

Would you like to live and work in the "Happy Valley" of the US while working in a vibrant, creative, collaborative and diverse research group? At Penn State we always seek motivated and hard working team players to fill in positions. If you are interested in becoming a team member, please email your (i) research interests in a cover letter (ii) a CV along with (iii) the names of your references to oga5061@psu.edu.  

Penn State is an elite research university, an AAU member, and a Carnegie R1 school with $1.34 billion annual research expenditures. Penn State has an extremely powerful alumni network enabling $4.5 billion endowment making Penn State Alumni Association is the largest dues-paying alumni association in the world. Also the university is one of the three land-, space-, sun-, and sea-grant schools in the nation and often ranked top 30 in public schools (according to US News).

Our research group is located in one of the newest interdisciplinary engineering buildings (eCORE built 2024) on the flagship campus of Penn State in College Park. The campus and the city are presenting a safe, productive, balanced and rewarding grad school experience. The campus is home to Beaver Stadium, the second-largest stadium in the Western hemisphere. Whether you're living on campus or commuting, you'll be part of a close-knit community that supports your personal growth, encourages collaboration, and provides a network of lifelong friendships.

Undergraduate Researchers

Past Group Members

Dr. Sonia Moavenzadeh Ghaznavi graduated from Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Maine with a PhD degree in 2025.

Dr. Manisha Choudhary worked as a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Maine between 2023-2025.

Jack Dunning worked as an undergraduate researcher in the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at the University of Maine (2025).

Samuel Robinson worked as an undergraduate researcher in the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at the University of Maine (2024).

Madi McCarthy worked as an undergraduate researcher in the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at the University of Maine (2023-2025).

Dr. Fatih Evrendilek completed a 1-year visiting researcher at the University of Maine from summer of 2024 to summer of 2025.

Grace Johnson graduated from Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Maine with an MS degree in 2024.

Daniel Houder worked as an undergraduate researcher in the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at the University of Maine (2024).

Dr. Sudheera Yaparatne worked as a postdoctoral researcher in the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at the University of Maine between 2021-2023. Currently a postdoctoral researcher at NJIT.

Ashton Collins, graduated from Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Maine with an MS degree in 2023.

Zach Doherty worked as an undergraduate researcher in the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at the University of Maine.

Dr. Seif Eldien worked as a visiting postdoctoral researcher in the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at the University of Maine in 2022.

Louis Nicoloro graduated from the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at the University of Maine, (2022) after working on a NASA funded catalyst testing project. 

Samantha Ismail, High School Student Researcher (2022) Project title: Detection and Characterization of Microplastics in Frenchman Bay. 

Jessica Liggiero graduated from Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Maine, (2022). She  participated in a summer research project to search for microplastics off the coast of Maine.

Busra Sonmez worked as a graduate researcher in ivil and Environmental Engineering at UMass Lowell (2018-2021).

Ritchie Lafaille, graduated from Civil and Environmental Engineering at UMass Lowell with an MS degree in 2020.

Yigit C. Bozkurt, graduated from Civil and Environmental Engineering at UMass Lowell with an MS degree in 2020.

Jana Latayan, Undergraduate Researcher from University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemical Engineering (2018-2020) Project title: High-Resolution Capacitive Deionization for Selective PFAS Removal. Co-advised by Dr. Ertan Agar and Dr. Sheree Pagsuyoin.

Joe Egitto, Undergraduate Researcher from UMass Lowell Mechanical Engineering (2018-2020) Project title: High-Resolution Capacitive Deionization for Selective PFAS Removal. Co-advised by Dr. Ertan Agar and Dr. Sheree Pagsuyoin.

Arsalan Khalid, graduated from Civil and Environmental Engineering at UMass Lowell with an MS degree in 2019.

Matthew Tengtrakool, High School Student Researcher (2019) Project title: Repeated Use of Carbon Additives during Microwave Remediation for Targeted Heating of Petroleum Hydrocarbons. Currently at Harvard University